Process of Goods Handling
Goods, especially when received in bulky packages, need to be handled with extra care. Goods handling involves the movement, packing, and storage of products in any form and is a vital element in determining a retail business’s productivity.
This process is more labor-intensive than most other operations, which is why it contributes significantly to operational costs.
Advantages of effective goods handling include:
- Lower unit material handling costs
- Shorter manufacturing time
- Improved control over the flow of goods
- Enhanced safety during material movement and operations
- Fewer rejections
- Reduced storage space requirements
Process of Goods Handling
Material Handling Activities
The main goal of material handling in a retail setting is to organize goods in line with customer needs. There are three key handling activities:
(a) Receiving
When materials arrive at the store, they are received by the retail store operations assistant. One of the assistant's primary duties is to unload goods from the truck or transport vehicle. This unloading is typically performed manually.
(b) In-Store Handling
There are multiple methods of handling materials. Manual handling is a commonly used method that involves carrying and moving goods by hand.
Materials should ideally be handled using the correct equipment by trained and experienced staff.
The types of equipment used include cranes, pallet jacks, moving trucks, slings, forklifts, and more.
Safety is a crucial factor in materials handling. The equipment must be appropriately sized to carry the load safely. To ensure efficiency and avoid mishandling, workers' capabilities should be evaluated and tasks assigned accordingly.
(c) Shipping
Shipping involves checking the items and loading them onto transport vehicles. Like the receiving process, shipping is also often conducted manually.
Moving, Handling, and Storing of Materials
Once materials are received at the retail store, they must be moved to their designated locations. This activity is referred to as "material moving" in retail.
Materials generally move in two scenarios:
- From the manufacturer or supplier to the store
- From the storage area to the display shelves for sale
Movement can be done manually or with the help of equipment.
This applies not only to retail but also to many other industries. Every retailer must use appropriate handling equipment to reduce potential risks and hazards. Improper movement, handling, or storage of materials can lead to accidents and injuries among employees.
Retailers need to recognize:
- The dangers of mishandling or careless material movement
- The importance of training staff in the proper use of material handling equipment
Potential Hazards for Workers
Various workplace hazards can lead to injuries during material handling, particularly in retail. Common dangers include:
- Falling goods
- Improper use of equipment or materials
- Manual handling injuries such as:
- Fractures
- Cuts